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Niklaus J. Grunwald
Faculty of the Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing Office/Lab: USDA Horticultural Crops Research Unit |
Phytophthora biology and management in nursery crops and ornamentals
The genus Phytophthora contains some of the most destructive plant pathogens affecting agricultural and forest crops. Recently a novel species of Phytophthora was discovered almost simultaneously in Germany on rhododendron and azalea and in California on coast live oak and tanoak. P. ramorum is a devastating exotic pathogen of many forest and nursery crops. It causes several diseases including sudden oak death, Ramorum shoot dieback and Ramorum blight. P. ramorum has a very wide host range and affects many nursery crop species including viburnum, lilac, maple, and oak, among others. It poses a significant threat to the US nursery industry and forests. Currently we know very little about the biology of P. ramorum.
Our laboratory conducts research on the epidemiology, ecology, population biology and molecular genetics of Phytophthora species with a current emphasis on the sudden oak death pathogen P. ramorum. Research is focused on the ultimate goal of improving disease management.
Erica Goss
Meredith Larsen
Virginia McDonald
Caroline Press
Megan Kitner (MS expected 2010)
Clare Elliot (MS expected 2012)
USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit
[Please visit Grunwald lab for more publications]
Prospero, S., Hansen, E. M., Grünwald, N. J., and Winton, L. M. 2007. Population dynamics of the sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora ramorum in Oregon from 2001 to 2004. Molecular Ecology, in press.
Garnica, D. P., Pinzon, A. M., Quesada-Ocampo, L. M., Bernal, A. J., Barreto, E., Grünwald, N. J., and Restrepo, S. 2006. Survey and analysis of microsatellites from transcript sequences in Phytophthora species: frequency, distribution, and potential as markers for the phylum Oomycota. BMC Genomics 7:245.
Grünwald, N. J., Sturbaum, A. K., Romero Montes, G., Garay Serrano, E., Lozoya-Saldaña, H., and Fry, W. E. 2006. Selection for fungicide resistance in a recombining population of Phytophthora infestans. Phytopathology 96:1397-1403.
Grünwald, N. J. and G.-A. Hoheisel. 2006. Hierarchical analysis of diversity, selfing and genetic differentiation in populations of the oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches. Phytopathology 96:1134-1141.
Tyler, B. M., Tripathy, S., Zhang, X., Dehal, P., Jiang, R. H. Y., Aerts, A., Arredondo, F. D., Baxter, L., Bensasson, D., Beynon, J. L., Chapman, J., Damasceno, C. M. B., Dorrance, A. E., Dou, D., Dickerman, A. W., Dubchak, I. L., Garbelotto, M., Gijzen, M., Gordon, S. G., Govers, F., Grunwald, N. J., Huang, W., Ivors, K. L., Jones, R. W., Kamoun, S., Krampis, K., Lamour, K. H., Lee, M.-K., McDonald, W. H., Medina, M., Meijer, H. J. G., Nordberg, E. K., Maclean, D. J., Ospina-Giraldo, M. D., Morris, P. F., Phuntumart, V., Putnam, N. H., Rash, S., Rose, J. K. C., Sakihama, Y., Salamov, A. A., Savidor, A., Scheuring, C. F., Smith, B. M., Sobral, B. W. S., Terry, A., Torto-Alalibo, T. A., Win, J., Xu, Z., Zhang, H., Grigoriev, I. V., Rokhsar, D. S., and Boore, J. L. 2006. Phytophthora genome sequences uncover evolutionary origins and mechanisms of pathogenesis. Science 313 (5791):1261-1266.
Grünwald, N.J. and W.G. Flier. 2005. Biology of Phytophthora infestans at its center of origin. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 43:171-90.
Andrade-Piedra, J.L., G.A. Forbes, D. Shtienberg, N.J. Grünwald, M.G. Chacón, M.V. Taipe, R.J. Hijmans, and W.E. Fry. 2005. Qualification of a plant disease simulation model: performance of the LATEBLIGHT model across a broad range of environments. Phytopathology. 95:1412-1422.
Fernández-Pavía, S. P., N. J. Grünwald, M. Díaz-Valasis, M. Cadena Hinojosa, and Fry, W. E. 2004. Soil-borne oospores of Phytophthora infestans in central Mexico survive winter fallow and infect potato plants in the field. Plant Disease 88: 29-33.
Grünwald, N. J., S. B. Goodwin, M. G. Milgroom, and W. E. Fry. 2003. Analysis of genotypic diversity data for populations of microorganisms. Phytopathology 93: 738-746.
Flier, W. G., N. J. Grünwald, L. P. N. M. Kroon, A. K. Sturbaum, Bosch G. B. M. van den, E. Gray-Serrano, W. E. Fry, and L. J. Turkensteen. 2003. The population structure of Phytophthora infestans from the Toluca Valley in central Mexico suggests genetic differentiation between populations from cultivated potato and wild Solanum species. Phytopathology 93: 382-390.
Grünwald, N. J., Romero Montes, G., Lozoya Saldaña, H., Rubio Covarrubias, O. A., and Fry, W. E. 2002. Potato late blight management in the Toluca valley: Field validation of SimCast modified for cultivars with high field resistance. Plant Disease 86: 1163-1168.
Grünwald, N. J., Cadena Hinojosa, M. A., Rubio Covarrubias, O., Rivera Peña, A., Niederhauser, J. S., and W. E. Fry. 2002. Potato cultivars from the Mexican national program: Sources and durability of resistance against late blight. Phytopathology 92: 688-693.
Flier, W. G., Grünwald, N. J., Kroon, L. P. N. M., van den Bosch, T. B. M., Garay-Serrano, E., and P. J. M. Bonants. 2002. Phytophthora ipomoeae sp. nov., a new homothallic species causing leaf blight on Ipomoea longipenduculata in the Toluca Valley . Mycol. Res. 106: 848-856.
Grünwald, N. J., Flier, W. G., Sturbaum, A. K., Garay-Serrano, E., van den Bosch, T. G. B. M., Smart, C. D., Matuszak, J. M., Turkensteen, L. J., and Fry, W. E. 2001. Population structure of Phytophthora infestans in the Toluca Valley Region of Central Mexico. Phytopathology 91: 882-890.
Flier, W. G., Grünwald, N. J., Fry, W. E. and L. J. Turkensteen. 2001. Formation, production and viability of oospores of Phytophthora infestans from potato and Solanum demissum in the Toluca Valley , central Mexico . Mycological Research 105: 998-1006.
